Bail --- Doctrine of parity in bail matters ---- Said doctrine encapsulates that where the role ascribed to the accused is one and the same as that of the co - accused then the benefit extended to one accused should be extended to the co - accused also on the principle that like cases should be treated alike but after accurate evaluation and assessment of the co - offenders ' role in the commission of the alleged offence -

 2023 S C M R 184

Bail --- Case of further inquiry --- Scope --- Further inquiry is a question which must have some nexus with the result of the case for which a tentative assessment of the material on record is to be considered for reaching a just conclusion --- Case of further inquiry pre - supposes the tentative assessment which may create doubt with respect to the involvement of accused in the crime .

Bail --- Rule of consistency --- Doctrine of parity in bail matters --- Scope --- Said doctrine encapsulates that where the role ascribed to the accused is one and the same as that of the co - accused then the benefit extended to one accused should be extended to the co - accused also on the principle that like cases should be treated alike but after accurate evaluation and assessment of the co - offenders ' role in the commission of the alleged offence --- While applying doctrine of parity in bail matters , the Court is obligated to concentrate on the constituents of the role assigned to the accused and then decide whether a case for the grant of bail on the standard of parity or rule of consistency is made out or not .

Criminal Procedure Code ( V of 1898 ) ---

---- S . 497 ( 2 ) --- Penal Code ( XLV of 1860 ) , Ss . 365 & 337 - L ( 2 ) --- Constitution of Pakistan , Art . 185 ( 3 ) --- Abduction for ransom --- Bail , grant of --- Rule of consistency --- Further inquiry --- No specific role was assigned to the present accused , rather all the accused persons had been incriminated with composite and alike role in the commission of offense out of whom , two accused had already been granted post arrest bail by the Trial Court --- According to an affidavit submitted in the Trial Court , the complainant conceded to the bail of one of the accused and did not want to indict him for the charge and so far as the bail granted to the other accused was concerned , nothing was said that any petition for cancellation of bail was moved against him if the complainant was aggrieved of his bail --- Role of the two accused that were granted bail was not dissimilar to the present accused --- FIR was silent as to whether any ransom was paid or not --- Case of accused was covered under the rule of parity and was also one of further inquiry --- Petition for leave to appeal was converted into appeal and allowed , and accused was granted bail .